The guards consisted of young industrial workers, maids, and servants. The civil war was fought from 27 january to 15 may 1918 between the. Female red guards of the finnish civil war military wiki. The civil guard is a difficult organization to explain to those in america but putting the civil guard in us terms it is much like a very well trained national guard unit. Finland celebrates 100 years of independence 4 corners of. What is known suggests that field equipment board used at least already existing civil guard field cap and cap of austrian mountain troops as reference while. Table of contents foreword part i simo hayhas official record farmer, hunter and civil guard member the magic sniper of the winter war simo gets wounded life after the winter war part ii the secrets of simo hayhas success simo hayhas rifle using simo hayhas experiences for the finnish army an example for future generations. Their average age was about 20, but some were as young as 14. Customize your avatar with the finnish white guard commander uniform 1918 and millions of other items.
This book is a major reference book in the field of finnish orders and decorations. Skyddskar, literary translated as protectiondefense corps was a voluntary militia that emerged victorious over the socialist red guard as part of the whites in the finnish civil war of 1918. The white guard or civil guard was a voluntary militia that emerged victorious over the socialist red guards as a part of the whites in the finnish civil war of 1918. The suojeluskunta civil guard was a finnish civil guard organisation. The winter war did draw wide international attention. A very important part of the national defense was the civic guard suojeluskunnat in finnish. Originally built as the grand home of a local merchant in 1822, the structure was rebuilt in the 1840s to make it the official residence of the russian czar. The white guard tv series, a russian tv series based on. He is believed to have killed over 500 men during the 193940 winter war, the highest number of sniper kills in any major war. This regiment was quartered at the old barracks of the guard of finland, and considered itself as part of its lineage.
Since this is the case it can rightly be credited with doing much to spread the word on these uncommon military arms. Jul 09, 2018 tapio saarelainen is the author of the white sniper, which is available now. They were generally known as the white guard in the west due to their opposition to the communist red guards. It is a paramilitary organisation, subordinate to the ministry of the interior in administrative issues and to the president of the republic in issues pertaining to the presidents authority as commanderinchief. Founded in 1921, the suojeluskunta was formed from volunteer detachments of white guards that had helped suppress the finnish revolution of 1918. The white guard has everything i expect in a russian novel. The presidential palace on market square in helsinki. Dec 27, 2019 this led to a civil war between finlands own white and red guard. I have had my eye on a certain wargamernew designerinnovatorsolo bot expert since i came across his great twitter feed nearly 2 years ago. The white guards wouldnt have never won the war without the help of germany armies, which invaded the south finland and helsinki.
The finnish border guard invoice address pdf, 287,3 kb. Though bulgakovs work was often censored, stalin showed his personal favor by protecting him from imprisonment and finding a. They were known as the white guard in the west due to their opposition to the communist red guards. Lola rogers on the colonels wife by rosa liksom the book. They served as personal bodyguards to the kings of gondor, and later to the stewards of gondor until king aragorn ii elessars coronation. On the same day the finnish parliament issued a declaration by which the white finns temporarily took. To this listopia list you are free to add all and any fiction books added by finnish authors written in any language. The federal district prosecutor john sweet argued before the united states district court of minnesota represented by judge w. Finnish words for guard include vartija, suojus, vartioida, vartiointi, junailija, vahtia, vartiosotilas, vartiosto, vartiomies and vartio. White guard finland, part of the white army during the 1918 finnish civil war white guard, a name given collectively by the partisans to collaborators in slovenia during world war ii. The finnish term suojeluskunta has received many different approximations in english, including the literal translation.
On january 4, 1908, john svan and sixteen other finnish immigrants were on trial in duluth, minnesota to determine whether or not they were white enough to become naturalized citizens. Dec 30, 2017 it is a fictional diary of a young woman during the winter war 1939 1940, and its written in relatively easy finnish. This is a highly recommended book for those who are interested in finnish history. In 1939, two finnish brothers are conscripted in the army to fight in the war between finland and the. He was not a representative finn, actually swedish nobility.
The aircraft is almost identical to a late fa18cd used by the us navy, as well as the hornets used by the swiss air force, although no airtoground equipment or weapons were purchased with. Isbn 9789517240796 9789517240796 ministry for foreign affairs, documentation and information, 1996. Historical novels only, nonfiction or novels with a contemporary settings will be removed. White guard finland article about white guard finland. Mannerheim was a former tsarist officer with over 30 years experience. The white guard is a well crafted novel which is based on bulgakovs own experiences in the russian civil war. The guards of the citadel, sometimes referred to as the guards of the tower of gondor, were the warriors responsible for guarding the upmost level of minas tirith, especially the courtyard that held the fountain and the white tree of gondor. The finnish spitz is famous for its charming, foxlike appearance, and its love for children, but there is so much more to adore about this breed. The book is what we have come to expect from casemate. White guard, mikhail bulgakovs semiautobiographical first novel, is the story of the turbin family in kiev in 1918. Reds finns comprised the finnishspeaking urban workers and the landless rural cottagers. More than 15 female guards units were established in february and march 1918, with a total of about 2,000 women serving.
It served as the residence of most of the presidents of finland during the 20th century. The commander of the finnish army since 1 august 2017 is lieutenant general petri hulkko. The colonels wife, by rosa liksom, translated from. When i saw this book i thought i could get some background and i was right.
The suojeluskuntas in the 1920s the finnish civil guard. White guard is a requiem to the whole generation of russian intellectuals,noblemen and simply honest people,which were almost completely whipped out in a terrible years of civil war,and at the same time that novel is a hymn of true humanity, white guard like its great predecessorswar and peace,dead soulsand crime and punishment follows. Mar 10, 2017 finnish version of the polish song revolutionary song, warszawianka. The white guard prevailed, brutally incarcerating and executing many communist sympathizers on the losing side. As mart was infering uniforms werent uncommon for the finnish white guards and the photo provides some evidence that, at least some, of the red guards had russian uniforms too. Norway, denmark, and swedentried to book passage to finland to fight.
Varsovan laulu finnish warszawianka english lyrics youtube. Finnish air force f18 hornetthe f18 hornet is the finnish air force variant of the boeing ids fa18 hornet multirole attack and fighter aircraft. Finnish version of the polish song revolutionary song, warszawianka. He went on to write some of the greatest novels in twentiethcentury russian literature, including white guard and black snow. The organization was run by volunteers, and the position and duties of the organization was prescribed in a law that was passed in 1927, further specified by a statute in may 1928. Military uniform m36 was the standard issue finnish military uniform during world war 2 and after the war remained in use all the way until 1960s. See more ideas about finnish civil war, war and finland.
Fck the finnish white army, suojeluskunta and mannerheim. He has spent two decades training snipers for the finnish army and contributed to the finnish armys manual for snipers. Most lutheran clergymen had been strongly prowhite during the civil war and the. However, given its focus on the turben family of kiev in the wake of the fall of tsar nicholas ii, its hard to expect much. Doug was indeed one of the first in the us to understand how collectable the finnish mosin nagants would be.
The unnamed, urban locality at the center of the white guard the first novel by mikhail bulgakov 18911940, best known as the author of. White guard and 15 related entities entities finder. The heroic stand of finland against the soviet union in 1939 was a. During the finnish civil war, the finnish white forces had already begun to prepare for intervention in the wider greater finland region, looking to utilize the collapse of the russian state to fulfill the nationalist goal of unifying the kindred nation. Military uniform m22 was the first properly standardized uniform for finnish military. At the same time it meritoriously brings out the diversity of finnish military culture and traditions. Guard of the citadel the one wiki to rule them all fandom. Later simo hayha joined the suojelskunta finnish civil guard serving in his home district. White guard finland, part of the white army during the 1918. Schooled as a doctor, he gave up the practice of medicine in 1920 to devote himself to writing. He helped defend finland from the soviets during world war ii. The first complete and accurate english translation of bulgakovs classic novel, accompanied by a substantial historical introduction white guard, mikhail bulgakovs semiautobiographical first novel, is the story of the turbin family in kiev in 1918. After the finnish independence, a regiment with the name of finnish white guard finnish. The reds should have won the 1918 war, because the majority of finnish people were on the red side.
It conjures up very vivid images, once read, never forgotten. Suomen sisallissota, kansalaissota concerned control and leadership of finland, during its transition phase from a russian grand duchy to an independent state. Does it mean there was no the finnish army of the whites government at that time so they consider white guard as the finnish army. Red guard women wearing russian uniforms, as well as, trousers. Oct 31, 2016 the remarkable story of the finnish marksman nicknamed white death by the red army for his record number of confirmed kills. White guard finland news newspapers books scholar jstor july 2007 learn. Although it is possible that the finnish white army year 1918 field caps were skipped when it came to design used for inspiration of field cap m34. Voting circles andor spamming your own book to this list is highly discouraged. White pages since the 1880s just like the eiffel tower. After the fall of the tsar and the disorganisation of the tsarist army, the first white guard in history was openly formed in finland, the protection. The knowledgeable text is supported by more than 300 black and white photographs and the color appendix of 66 photographs.
Rifles of the white death by doug bowser since this is the case it can rightly be credited with doing much to spread the word on these uncommon military arms. German troops allied with the finnish white guard fighting. On november 15, 1917, the red finns declared a general right of selfdetermination, including the right of complete secession from finland, for the peoples of russia. The story is based on linnas experiences as an infantry man in the. The activist committee organized for thousands of finns to travel to germany and train in the german military for a future war with russia.
Finland is the eighthlargest country in europe and the most sparsely populated country in the european union. It must be noted in that in a degree calling the particular uniform and its items as military uniform m22 is somewhat misleading in that sense, that the uniform regulations in which they were introduced were not all from year 1922, but over the years and they. The articles from greece, japan, hungary and great britain show that foreign press emphasised and marvelled at. White guards executing red guard members 1920 nationalism and hate of the russians, being typical opinions of suojeluskunta members, it wasnt surprising that many of them didnt like taking orders from the exrussian army general mannerheim and his staff. Essential reading for anyone interested in russian historyculture. We have one of the largest artillery forces on the planet for a country with 5. Europe finland the world factbook central intelligence. The patriotic civic guard was born just before the war of independence. Allfemale units of the paramilitary red guards served in the 1918 finnish civil war.
As far as i can tell, anything that is blue to an american and approaching turquoise is green to finns. Images relating to the aftermath of battles in helsinki during the finnish civil war, including a bombed tobacco factory, coffins of germans, german machine gun carriages, german and white guard troops, the residence of baron standertskjold, and women giving cigarettes, chocolates, and flowers to german soldiers who cooperated with the white. Flygvapnet air arm is one of the branches of the finnish defence forces. Depending on the record, simo hayha was born in 1905 in the farming town of rautjarvi. Simo hayha, also known as the white death is widely regarded as the most skilled and successful sniper there ever was, with over 500 kills to his name.
White guard leaders faced a similar problem when drafting young men to the army in february 1918. Vpj arponen has delighted many of us with his interesting play pictures of various coin series games and his insights into the world of solitaire bots. Rifles of the white death, first edition titled rifles of the snow, by doug bowser was really the first major english publication to cover the finnish mosin nagant line of rifles in any detail. This is a very fair and balanced book and provided especially important information about mannerheim and why he was the man for the job. Alexei, elena, and nikolka turbin have just lost their mothertheir father had died years beforeand find themselves plunged into the chaotic civil war that erupted in the ukraine in the wake of the russian revolution. Because of the topic and the time period, the vocabulary in ne lensivat tasta yli is a bit more challenging than in an average easy finnish novel. Score a book s total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book. It was also uncertain whether common troops drafted from the smallsized and poor farms of central and northern finland had strong enough motivation to fight the finnish reds. Hunter and civil guard member the magic sniper of the winter war simo gets wounded life after the winter war part ii the secrets of simo. Its peacetime tasks are airspace surveillance, identification flights, and production of readiness formations for wartime conditions. The author has spent much time investigating simo hayhas life and accomplishments and he interviewed simo dozens of times during 1997 2002. Lola rogers on the colonels wife by rosa liksom the. In november a middleclass government was established under the tough and uncompromising pehr evind svinhufvud, and on december 6, 1917, it.
This film is the second silver screen adaption of the finnish war book by vaino linna with the same name as the film. Finland celebrates 100 years of independence 4 corners. The regiment was disbanded after the winter war in december 1940. German troops allied with the finnish white guard fighting communist forces of the red guard during the advance on helsingfors now helsinki, finland, during the finnish civil war, circa april 1918. The articles from greece, japan, hungary and great britain show that foreign press emphasised and marvelled at the unity of the finnish nation. Fi02460035 the finnish border guard the finnish border guard vat. Holmilas book looks into how foreign press viewed the conflict, with examples covering ten countries and three continents. In the white army of finland many participants were. The winter war is always topical when speaking about finnish. The white guard, a 1925 novel by mikhail bulgakov about the russian white movement.
Riistaja ruoskaansa selkaamme soittaa, vastassa valkoinen armeija on. Turku tyomies vaasa valtalaki viipuri vilppula vote wanted weapons wetzer white finland white guard wiik. During the winter war fought between russia and finland from 1939 to 1940, he had 542 confirmed kills with iron sights, a record that still stands today. Finnish mailboxes, which are without a doubt orange to americans, are yellow to finns, although younger finns tend to make a. He used a finnish produced m2830 rifle, a variant of the mosinnagant rifle, and a suomi kp31 submachine gun. Saarelainen is a career officer in the finnish army. The city of rauma has refused to allow a plaque commemorating members of the white guard in finlands 1918 civil war to be installed in the.
Doug was indeed one of the first in the us to understand how collectable the finnish. Oct 10, 2015 as mart was infering uniforms werent uncommon for the finnish white guards and the photo provides some evidence that, at least some, of the red guards had russian uniforms too. The eastern karelia uprisings, the viena expedition and the aunus expedition eastern karelia 1918. It is a parliamentary republic of 310 municipalities. This led to a civil war between finlands own white and red guard. The finnish white guard had 3 or 4 different roots, which eventually merged. He used a finnishproduced m2830 rifle, a variant of the mosinnagant rifle, and a suomi kp31 submachine gun. The whites or white finland, was the name used to refer to the refugee government and forces. This emerged as the paramilitary white guard, jager troops, and were. Finnish city rejects display of civil war plaque commemorating.